Pemanfaatan Powder Porang dan Serat Kulit Jagung dengan Penambahan Magnesium Stearat dan Polivinil Alkohol pada Pembuatan Biofoam

Abstract

This research has been conducted to make biofoam with porang flour, corn fiber and magnesium stearate with the addition of polyvinyl alcohol variations of 40%, 50%, and 60%. The stages in this research start from making biofoam using the baking process method with a temperature of 70°C for 90 minutes, then characterizing the resulting biofoam. The density characterization results show the effect of fiber addition on the density test, the density of biofoam decreases as the fiber increases, the optimal density in sample A2J with the composition of the ratio of solids and solution 50%: 50% with a density value of 0.61. The effect of the addition of PVA on the tensile strength test, the highest tensile strength was obtained in sample C3J with the highest concentration of PVA with the composition of solids and solution 40%:60% showing a value of 0.552 MPa. The results of the characterization of the optimal biofoam water absorption value obtained in sample C3J with a water absorption value of 3.17%, the highest elongation value obtained in sample B2J 3.74% with 50% PVA composition, the elastic modulus obtained is in the range of 1.95 MPa - 44.52 MPa. SEM shows the uneven surface of biofoam, visible granules and pores, FTIR absorption spectrum of biofoam from porang powder and corn husk fiber with the addition of magnesium stearate and polyvinyl alcohol does not show any new absorption waves for functional groups. DSC of biofoam changes shape at the glass point (Tg) at 152.80°C, with a melting point at 138.33°C.