Sistem Kontrol Generator Termoelektrik dalam Konversi Energi Panas dari Kondensor Pirolisis Menjadi Energi Listrik dengan Metode Proportional Integral Derivative

Abstract

This study utilizes waste heat from the pyrolysis condenser to convert it into electrical energy using the Peltier TEC1-1706 module. The generated heat energy is transformed into electricity, which is then measured using the INA219 sensor. The voltage data from the Peltier module and the temperature data from the DS18B20 sensor are sent to the microcontroller to be displayed on an LCD. The temperature control system uses a PID algorithm with parameters Kp=13.39, Ki=0.03, and Kd=1265.35 to maintain the condenser temperature at the set point of 110°C. When the temperature reaches the set point, the microcontroller activates the servo motor to close the gas valve, reducing the gas volume. Conversely, if the temperature has not yet reached the set point, the gas valve will reopen. The voltage generated by the Peltier module is routed to a charger module to charge a 3.7 V lithium-ion battery, which is then stepped up to 12 V. The system shows a setting time of 2269 seconds and a time delay of 218 seconds, with energy conversion efficiency increasing with a larger temperature differential. In this study, the system produced a maximum voltage of 11.82 V, a current of 13 mA, and a power output of 0.16 W at 110°C