Analisis Suhu Permukaan Kota Dengan Menggunakan Citra Landsat di Kota Binjai Kabupaten Langkat

Abstract

Urban areas as is known have a lot of air pollution impacts that can cause the temperature quality to increase and be contaminated by air pollution or industrial areas carried out by human activities that are increasing day by day. The purpose of this study is to observe changes in surface temperature in the Binjai City area, to identify factors causing changes in surface temperature in the Binjai City. Using Landsat 8 image bands, this study uses three bands, namely band 4, band 5, and band 10. Band 10 is used to produce an estimated image of the Land Surface Temperature (LST) land surface temperature, because it uses a thermal infrared sensor. Bands 4 and 5 are used to calculate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Proportion of Vegetation (PV) to produce emissivity. Processing of bands 4 and 5. The temperature in class 0 is red because of the presence of large roads, markets, densely populated areas, and industrial areas. For the Binjai City area, the NDVI class of 0.2–0.3 contributed 20.18 percent of its area, the NDVI class of 0.3–0.4 contributed 32.17 percent, and the NDVI class of 0.4–0.5 contributed 30.14 percent. Binjai City in 2018 also had an NDVI value range of 0.30–0.45 with a total area of 9384.9 Ha, from the total area of Binjai City. This value is also the value with the smallest area compared to other values. The value of 0.30–0.45 is the highest NDVI value, also indicating the higher presence of vegetation in that place. LST or surface temperature in Binjai City is dominated by temperature classes 29–32 with an area of 51,552.4 Ha, while the lowest is in class 20–23 covering an area of 11,101 Ha. According to the 2023 LST estimate for Binjai City, there is an annual change between Land Surface Temperature (LST) in 2018 and 2023